½ÃÁ¦ÀÇ ÀÏÄ¡
A. ´ÙÀ½ °¢ ¹®ÀåÀÇ ºó Ä¿¡ µé¾î°¡¾ß ÇÒ Àû´çÇÑ ¸»À» A, B, C, D Áß¿¡¼ °í¸£½Ã¿À.
1. The permission that ______________ to build the roads was granted.
(A) will be needed
(B) was needed
(C) needs
(D) have been needed
¾îÈÖ: permission Çã¶ô, Çã°¡ / build a road µµ·Î¸¦ °Ç¼³ÇÏ´Ù / grant ½ÂÀÎÇÏ´Ù
Çؼ³: ÁÖÀýÀÇ ½ÃÁ¦°¡ was grantedÇÏ°í °ú°ÅÀ̹ǷΠthatÀý ¼ÓÀÇ µ¿»ç´Â °ú°Å³ª °ú°Å¿Ï·á°¡ µÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. thatÀº ÁÖ°Ý °ü°è´ë¸í»ç·Î¼ ¼±Çà»ç´Â the permissionÀÌ´Ù.
Á¤´ä: (B) ±× µµ·Î °Ç¼³¿¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ Çã°¡°¡ ½ÂÀεǾú´Ù.
2. When she entered the room, he _____________ beside the center table
grinning expectantly.
(A) stands
(B) has stood
(C) was standing
(D) is standing
¾îÈÖ: beside ~ ¿·¿¡ / grin ¾¿ ¿ô´Ù, È÷Á×È÷Á× ¿ô´Ù / expectantly ±â´Ù·È´Ù´ÂµíÀÌ
Çؼ³: whenÀÌ À̲ô´Â ºÎ»çÀýÀÇ µ¿»ç´Â °ú°ÅÀÌ´Ù. µû¶ó¼ ½ÃÁ¦ÀÇ ÀÏÄ¡¸¦ À§ÇØ ÁÖÀý¿¡¼µµ °ú°Å°¡ ¾²¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
Á¤´ä: (C) ±×³à°¡ ¹æ¿¡ µé¾î°¬À» ¶§, ±×´Â ±â´Ù·È´Ù´Âµí È÷Á×ÀÌ ¿ôÀ¸¸ç ¹æ °¡¿îµ¥ ÀÖ´Â Å×ÀÌºí ¿·¿¡ ¼ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
3. The politician declared that his party ______________ for social security.
(A) always stood
(B) have always stood
(C) has always stood
(D) had always stood
¾îÈÖ: politician Á¤Ä¡°¡ / declare ¼±¾ðÇÏ´Ù, ¹ßÇ¥ÇÏ´Ù / social security »çȸº¸Àå / stand for ~ ~À» ÁöÁöÇÏ´Ù
Çؼ³: ÁÖÀýÀÇ µ¿»ç°¡ °ú°ÅÇü declaredÀ̹ǷÎ, declaredÀÇ ¸ñÀû¾îÀÎ thatÀýÀÇ µ¿»ç´Â °ú°Å³ª °ú°Å¿Ï·á°¡ µÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¿©±â¼´Â Àǹ̻ó °è¼ÓÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â °ú°Å¿Ï·á°¡ ¾²¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
Á¤´ä: (D) ±× Á¤Ä¡°¡´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Á¤´çÀÌ »çȸº¸ÀåÀ» Ç×»ó ÁöÁöÇØ ¿Ô´Ù°í ¹àÇû´Ù.
4. The road was very muddy because it _______________ all night.
(A) has been raining
(B) rained
(C) had been raining
(D) would rain
¾îÈÖ: muddy ÁøÈëÀÇ, ÁúôÇÑ
Çؼ³: ¶¥ÀÌ ÁøÈë Åõ¼ºÀÌ°¡ µÈ °ÍÀº ºñ°¡ ¿Ô±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. Áï, ½Ã°£»óÀ¸·Î ºñ°¡ ¿Â °ÍÀÌ ¶¥ÀÌ ÁøÈë Åõ¼ºÀÌ°¡ µÈ °Íº¸´Ù ¾Õ¼±´Ù. µû¶ó¼ because°¡ À̲ô´Â ºÎ»çÀýÀÇ µ¿»ç´Â °ú°Å¿Ï·á°¡ µÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
Á¤´ä: (C) ¹ã»õ ºñ°¡ ¿Ô±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ±æÀº ¸Å¿ì Áúô°Å·È´Ù.
B. ´ÙÀ½ °¢ ¹®ÀåÀÇ ¹ØÁÙÃÄÁø A, B, C, D Áß¿¡¼ ¿Ã¹Ù¸£Áö ¾ÊÀº °ÍÀ» °í¸£½Ã¿À.
1. (A) The Chairman of the Board of Directors (B) made it clear at the
meeting that he (C) will not step down from his position (D) as chairman.
¾îÈÖ: the Board of Directors ÀÌ»çȸ / make ~ clear ~À» ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ÇÏ´Ù / step down »çÁ÷ÇÏ´Ù, ¹°·¯³ª´Ù / position ÁöÀ§, Á÷À§
Çؼ³: ÀÌ ¹®ÀåÀº °¡¸ñÀû¾î it, Áø¸ñÀû¾î thatÀýÀÇ ±¸¹®À¸·Î¼, that he ~ as chairmanÀÌ Áø¸ñÀû¾î°¡ µÇ´Â ¸í»çÀýÀÌ´Ù. ÁÖÀýÀÇ ½ÃÁ¦°¡ °ú°Å(made)À̹ǷΠthatÀýÀÇ ½ÃÁ¦´Â °ú°ÅÇüÀÌ µÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. µû¶ó¼ will notÀº would notÀÌ µÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
Á¤´ä: (C) ÀÌ»çȸÀÇ È¸ÀåÀº ±× ȸÀÇ¿¡¼ ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ È¸ÀåÁ÷¿¡¼ ¹°·¯³ªÁö ¾Ê°Ú´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ºÐ¸íÈ÷ Çß´Ù.
2. Immanuel Kant (A) was so regular in his habits (B) that until the day he
(C) died people (D) have been able to set their watches by his actions.
¾îÈÖ: regular ±ÔÄ¢ÀûÀÎ / set one's watch ½Ã°è¸¦ ¸ÂÃß´Ù / action Çൿ
Çؼ³: ÀÌ ¹®ÀåÀº so ~ that ... (³Ê¹« ~Çؼ ...ÇÏ´Ù/...ÇÒ Á¤µµ·Î ±×·¸°Ô ~ÇÏ´Ù)ÀÇ ±¸¹®ÀÌ´Ù. until the day he died´Â thatÀý ¼ÓÀÇ ºÎ»çÀýÀ̹ǷÎ, °ýÈ£·Î ¹¾î ³õ°í ¹®¸ÆÀ» ÆľÇÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ´Ù. ÀÌ ¹®ÀåÀÇ ÁÖÀý°ú Á¾¼ÓÀý¿¡ ¾²ÀÎ µ¿»ç¸¦ º¸¸é, was, died, have been°ú °°ÀÌ ¼·Î ½ÃÁ¦°¡ ÀÏÄ¡ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ÀÖ´Ù. µÎ °¡Áö°¡ °ú°ÅÇüÀ̹ǷΠhave beenÀÌ °ú°Å¿Ï·á had beenÀ¸·Î ¹Ù²î¾î¾ß ½ÃÁ¦°¡ ÀÏÄ¡µÈ´Ù.
Á¤´ä: (D) ÀÓ¸¶´º¿¤ ÄÆ®´Â ±×°¡ Á×´Â ³¯±îÁö »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ±×ÀÇ ÇൿÀ» º¸°í ½Ã°è¸¦ ¸ÂÃß¾î ³õÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÀ» Á¤µµ·Î ½À°üÀÌ ¾ÆÁÖ ±ÔÄ¢ÀûÀ̾ú´Ù.
3. The instructor had (A) gone over the problems (B) many times (C) before
the students (D) will take the final examination.
¾îÈÖ: instructor ±³»ç / go over º¹½ÀÇÏ´Ù, ¹Ýº¹ÇÏ´Ù / take an examination ½ÃÇèÀ» Ä¡·ç´Ù / final examination ±â¸» ½ÃÇè
Çؼ³: ÁÖÀýÀÇ ½ÃÁ¦°¡ had goneÇÏ°í °ú°Å¿Ï·áÇüÀ̹ǷÎ, before°¡ À̲ô´Â ºÎ»çÀý ¼ÓÀÇ µ¿»ç will take´Â °ú°ÅÇü took·Î ¹Ù²î¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ÁÖÀýÀÇ µ¿ÀÛÀÌ ºÎ»çÀýÀÇ µ¿ÀÛº¸´Ù ¾Õ¼±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.
Á¤´ä: (D) ±× ±³»ç´Â ÇлýµéÀÌ ±â¸» ½ÃÇèÀ» Ä¡·ç±â Àü¿¡ ¿©·¯ Â÷·Ê ±× ¹®Á¦µéÀ» ¹Ýº¹Çß´Ù.
4. The detective (A) told us in his talk that every human (B) being (C) had
a distinctive set of (D) finger prints.
¾îÈÖ: detective Çü»ç / in one's talk ~ÀÇ À̾߱⿡¼, ~ÀÇ À̾߱â Áß¿¡ / human being Àΰ£ / distinctive µ¶Æ¯ÇÑ / finger print Áö¹®
Çؼ³: ÀÌ ¹®Àå¿¡¼ that ÀÌÇÏ´Â toldÀÇ ¸ñÀû¾î°¡ µÇ´Â ¸í»çÀýÀÌ´Ù. ¸ðµç »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô µ¶Æ¯ÇÑ Áö¹®ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀº º¯ÈÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â »ç½ÇÀ̹ǷΠ½ÃÁ¦ÀÇ ÀÏÄ¡¿¡ °ü°è¾øÀÌ ¾ðÁ¦³ª ÇöÀçÇüÀ¸·Î ¾²¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. Á־ every human beingÀ̹ǷΠhad´Â 3ÀÎĪ ´Ü¼ö ÇöÀçÇü has°¡ µÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. every°¡ ´Ü¼ö·Î Ãë±ÞµÇ´Â Á¡¿¡ À¯ÀÇÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
Á¤´ä: (C) ±× Çü»ç´Â À̾߱âÇÏ´ø Áß¿¡ ¸ðµç Àΰ£¿¡°Ô´Â µ¶Æ¯ÇÑ Áö¹®ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀ» ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô ¸»Çß´Ù.